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The thing I enjoy most about C# is the depth/levels of progressive enhancement you can do.

Let's say in the first instance, you write a proof of concept algorithm using basic concepts like List<T>, foreach, stream writing. Accessible to a beginner, safe code, but it'll churn memory (which is GC'd) and run using scalar CPU instructions.

Depending on your requirements you can then progressively enhance the memory churn, or the processing speed:

for(;;), async, LINQ, T[], ArrayPool<T>, Span<T>, NativeMemory.Alloc, Parallel.For, Vector<T>, Vector256<T>, System.Runtime.Intrinsics.

Eventually getting to a point where it's nearly the same as the best C code you could write, with no memory churn (or stop-the-world GC), and SIMD over all CPU cores for blisteringly fast performance, whilst keeping the all/most of the safety.

I think these new language features have the same virtue - I can opt into them later, and intellisense/analysers will optionally make me aware that they exist.

Thanks for the upvotes! While testing and writing about the feature, I suspected it would receive mixed reactions.

The `?.` operator behaves similarly on the LHS to the RHS, making the language more consistent, which is always a good thing. In terms of readability, I would say that once you understand how the operator works (which is intuitive because the language already supports it on the RHS), it becomes more readable than wrapping conditionals in `if` statements.

There are downsides, such as the overuse I mentioned. But this is true for many other language features: it requires experience to know when to use a feature appropriately, rather than applying it everywhere.

However, the great thing about this particular enhancement is that it's mostly cosmetic. Nothing prevents teams from not adopting it; the old syntax still works and can be enforced. C# and .NET are incredibly versatile, which means code can look dramatically different depending on its context and domain. For some projects, this feature might not be needed at all. But many codebases do end up with various conditional assignments, and in those cases, this can be useful.

I’m having a hard time imagining where this is useful. If I’m trying to assign to a property, but encounter an intermediate null value in the access chain, just skipping the assignment is almost never going to be what I want to do. I’m going to want to initialize that null value.

More concise? Yes.

More readable? I'm less convinced on that one.

Some of those edge cases and their effects can get pretty nuanced. I fear this will get overused exactly as the article warns, and I'm going to see bloody questions marks all over codebases. I hope in time the mental overhead to interpret exactly what they're doing will become muscle memory...

I'm a Java fan so I'm contractually required to dis c#, but actually I kinda like this. It reduces boilerplate. Yes, it could be abused but this is what code review is for.

Cute, but is this actually needed? It's one more thing to remember, one more thing to know the subtleties of, and for what? To save writing a very readable and unambiguous line of code?

It feels like the C# designers have a hard time saying "no" to ideas coming their way. It's one of my biggest annoyances with this otherwise nice language. At this point, C# has over 120 keywords (incl. contextual ones) [0]. This is almost twice as much as Java (68) [1], and 5 times as much as Go (25) [2]. And for what? We're trading brevity for complexity.

[0]: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/language-ref... keywords/

[1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Java_keywords

[2]: https://go.dev/ref/spec#Keywords

Love to see conciseness for the sake of readability. Honestly I thought this was already a thing until I tried it a year ago…

I’m glad it’s now a thing. It’s an easy win, helps readability and helps to reduce the verbosity of some functions. Love it. Now, make the runtime faster…

It's starting to feel like C# is going down the path of C++. Tons of features that introduce subtleties and everybody has their own set of pet features they know how to use.

But the code gets really hard to understand when you encounter code that uses a subset you aren't familiar with. I remember staring at C++ codebases for days trying to figure out what is going on there. There was nothing wrong with the code. I just wasn't too familiar with the particular features they were using.

I wonder if this supports a cleaner way to throw when the target property's parent object is null? With null-coalescing assignment, you can do the following which will throw when 'x' is null:

  string x = null;
  string y = x ?? throw new ArgumentException("x is null");

It would be interesting to try something like:

  customer?.Name = newName ?? throw new InvalidOperationException("customer is null");

But I don't know how the language would be able to determine which potential null it was throwing for: 'customer' could be null, but so could 'newName'. I guess... maybe you could do:

  (customer ?? throw new InvalidOperationException("customer is null")).Name = newName ?? throw new ArgumentException("newName is null");

But the language already supports that, and it's extremely ugly...

I’d rather be explicit. If the value is null then it should be explicitly handled.

I feel like this is another step in the race to add every conceivable feature to a language, for the sake of it.

I'm looking forward to being able to use this. It doesn't sound like much but those extra three lines and variable assignment is duplicated a ton of times across our codebase so it'll be a nice change

While I can understand the reason behind the behaviour I cannot find it intuitive.

If I say an asseignment I expect the value to be "evaluated".

I could have grasped the expression in all the null values would have been replaced with new instances, but then it would have been too much invasive and magic to work, so - again - I understand why the designers night have been force to settle for the actual behaviour...

But maybe then the half-solution is not worth it

I have started playing with C#. what a pleasant language + ecosystem.

.net core is above any java land web framework. both spring / quarkus. documentation is one place. and lots of it.

you also get a very robust ecosystem + performance.

Looks interesting & I'm excited to try this out myself. I like the more verbose null/error handling personally in professional code, but maybe that's because im still working in framework! I'll certainly be using these in my personal projects that'll be on .NET 10

I'm working on a Unity game and I'm so annoyed I can't use all of the new fancy c# features

This sounds like a shortcut, unless it isn't.

I have a feeling this is going to make debugging code written just a few months ago incrementally difficult. At least the explicit if statements are easier to follow the intent from months ago.

The syntax is clean though. I'll give it that.

Like Ruby safe navigation operator `&` and kotlin, groovy and swift's `?`

Sorry, I would flag this in a code review. It's too easy to skip past this visually. Explicit if statements make it a lot more obvious what's going on. This is too much syntactic sugar.

Isn't this more confusing? Because it skip the code if the value is null and I don't think it is normal to follow the flow assuming nothing has happened.

While this is nice, there are some long requested features like Discriminated Unions that got delayed a lot.

> if (customer?.Profile is not null) >{ > // Null-coalescing (??) > customer.Profile.Avatar = request.Avatar ?? "./default-avatar.jpg"; >}

Isn't this over engineered? Why not allow the assignment but do nothing if any of the intermediate objects is null (that's how Kotlin does it).

So like ruby's '&.' null safe chaining

Nice feature! (we had in Ruby for many years)

Welcome to PHP land :P

never using nulls is liberating. this is syntactic sugar for dealing with nulls. definitely welcome though, and definitely will be abused (which cant be done when nulls are actually banished)

Strange that they chose to make it `a?["b"] = c;` rather than to use the same syntax as TypeScript (`a?.["b"] = c;`).

Honestly I like the C# better, and I was initially not super thrilled about the choice to include the period in the TS case, but since there is some overlap between the language design teams I assumed they would be the same.

I don't really get this obsessive insistence of purging the language of null checks. (And "if(x is not null)" is not an improvement of any kind)

It feels like Microsoft just wants C# to be Python or whatever and the language is losing its value and identity. It's becoming bland, messy, and complicated for all the same reasons they keep increasing padding between UI elements. It's very "me too" and I'm becoming less and less interested in what I used to consider my native language.

I used to write any and all little throwaway programs and utilities in C#, but it just keeps getting more and more fussy. Like Python, or maybe java. Nowadays I reach for C++. It's more complicated, but at least it's stable and not trying to rip itself apart.

To add to the chorus, IMHO this is a jumping-the-shark language feature. Having the problem this feature addresses, is a code smell. I use the ?-indexer for READING stuff, but try to limit such uses to logging and diagnostics, where they shouldn't affect actual production effects.

If your C# code needs this, your "C# code" is 3 javascript files in a trenchcoat.. :-).

At least so far, my instinct is that we should turn this off/ ensure it is never turned on, as it seems likely to be a foot gun.

I couldn't imagine what a "Null-Conditional Assignment" would do, and now I see but I don't want this.

Less seriously, I think there's plenty of April Fools opportunity in this space. "Null-Conditional Function Parameters" for example. Suppose we call foo(bar?, baz?) we can now decide that because bar was null, this is actually executing foo(baz) even though that's a completely unrelated overload. Hilarity ensues!

Or what about "Null-Conditional Syntax". If I write ???? inside a namespace block, C# just assumes that when we need stuff which doesn't exist from this namespace it's probably just null anyway, don't stress. Instead of actual work I can just open up a file, paste in ???? and by the time anybody realises none of my new "classes" actually exist or work I've collected my salary anyway.

Null conditional assignment is bunk.

When you have an expression P which names a mutable place, and you execute P := X, the contract says that P now exhibits the value X, until it is assigned another value.

Conditional assignment fucks this up. When P doesn't exist, X is not stored. (Worse, it may even be that the expression X is not evaluated, depending on how deep the fuckery goes.)

Then when you access the same expression P, the conditional assignment becomes conditional access and you get back some default value like a nil.

Store X, get back nil.

That's like a hardware register, not a durable memory model.

It's okay for a config.connection?.retryPolicy to come up nil when there is no config.connection. It can be that the design makes nil a valid retry policy, representing some default. Or it could be that it is not the case, but the code which uses connection? handles the nil soon afterward.

But a store to config.connection?.retryPolicy not having an effect; that is dodgy.

What you need for config.connection? to do when the expression is being used to calculate a mutable place to assign to is to check that config.connection is null, and in that case, instantiate a representative instance of something which is then assigned to config.connnection, such that the config.connection.retryPolicy place then exists and the assignment can proceed.

This recognizable as a variation on COW (copy-on-write); having some default instance for reading, but allocating something on writing.

In a virtual memory system, freshly allocated memory can appear to contain zero bytes on access due to all of its pages being mapped to a single all-zero frame that exists in the entire system. Conceptually, the hardware could do away with even that all-zero frame and just have a page table entry which says "this is a zero-filled page", so the processor then fakes out the zero values without accessing anything. When the nonexistent page is written, then it gets the backing storage.

In order to instantiate settings.connection? we need to know what that has to be. If we have a static type system, it can come from that: the connection member is of some declared type of which a representative instance can be produced with all constructor parameters defaulted. Under a dynamic paradigm, the settings object can have a handler for this: a request to materialize a field of the object that is required for an assignment.

If you don't want a representative config.connection to be created when config.connection?.retryPolicy is assigned, preferring instead that config.connection stays null, and the assignment is sent to the bit buckets, you have incredibly bad taste and a poor understanding of software engineering and programming language design --- and the design of your program is scatter-brained accordingly.

Is .NET entering its twilight years as a tech people build new things with?

I just can't imagine Gen Z wanting to start a project in C#.

I realise there are still .NET shops, and I still talk to people who do it daily, but ours is a field driven by fashion whether we care to admit or not - and C# just does not feel as fashionable as it once did

(I'm a former C# dev, up until 2020)