Another option to consider (which marginalia-search.com uses) is Anubis (anubis.techaro.lol). The operator of Marginalia told me that he was getting lots of people spamming the same queries over and over, which he thought might be them trying to influence suggested searches. He put Anubis in place and the query volume dropped to much more reasonable levels. It works by running some sort of complex calculation in javascript, so it won’t get rid of all bots, but it should slow them all down.
The downside is that their silly anime girl mascot is displayed whenever the challenge is running, which I think some people might find off-putting.
Edit: Are you going to announce the search engine on hacker news?
2nd edit: If you are making a search engine, this is probably a good article to read: https://archive.org/details/search-timeline It talks about various search engines that have disappeared mysteriously over the years.